Write the principle of 180° magnetic deviation. In which equipment this method is used?
ANSWER : The principle of 180° magnetic deviation refers to a method used to correct magnetic compass readings by considering a specific magnetic error of 180 degrees. When a ship or aircraft is equipped with a magnetic compass, it is subject to various magnetic influences that can cause the compass needle to deviate from the true north. This deviation can occur due to the presence of ferromagnetic materials, electrical systems, or other magnetic fields on board.
To counteract this deviation, a correction technique known as the principle of 180° magnetic deviation is employed. In this method, the compass reading is intentionally made incorrect by 180 degrees. For example, if the actual magnetic heading of the ship or aircraft is 90 degrees, the compass reading will show 270 degrees instead. This intentional deviation compensates for the magnetic errors in the system.
This technique is primarily used in navigation equipment, such as compasses, installed on ships and aircraft. By deliberately introducing a 180-degree deviation, navigators can account for the magnetic influences and obtain a more accurate indication of their true direction. This allows them to navigate more precisely and safely, ensuring they stay on the intended course.
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