What is Current Density? Write its dimension.

ANSWER : Current density refers to the measure of electric current flowing through a given cross-sectional area of a conductor. It helps us understand how concentrated or spread out the current is within a material. Mathematically, it is defined as the ratio of the magnitude of current passing through an infinitesimally small surface area to that area. 

The formula for current density (J) is given by :

J = I / A

where :

J represents the current density,

I is the electric current passing through the conductor, and

A is the cross-sectional area of the conductor.

The dimension of current density can be derived by substituting the dimensions of the variables in the formula. The dimension of electric current (I) is measured in amperes (A), and the dimension of cross-sectional area (A) is measured in square meters (m²).

Thus, the dimension of current density (J) can be expressed as amperes per square meter (A/m²). This indicates the amount of electric current flowing through each unit area of the conductor.

By calculating the current density, we gain insight into the distribution of current within a material. It helps us determine whether the current is concentrated or dispersed, which is valuable in analyzing the behavior and properties of conductors in electrical systems.

Also Read : State Ampere's Law.

Also Read : Define Scalar and Vector Field.

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