The limiting values of stress (σ) are -1 (extreme tension) and 0.5 (significant compression). Exceeding these limits can lead to material failure.
ANSWER : In physics, the symbol σ represents stress, which is defined as the force per unit area acting on a material. To understand the limiting values of σ, we need to consider the material's behavior and the mathematical equations that describe it.
Stress (σ) is given by the formula :
σ = F / A
where :
- σ is the stress
- F is the force applied to the material
- A is the cross-sectional area of the material
Now, let's examine the limiting values of σ :
Lower Limit (-1) : When the stress approaches -1, it indicates that the force applied to the material is in the opposite direction of its cross-sectional area. In physics, this implies extreme tension or a tensile force. If the stress surpasses the material's ultimate tensile strength, the material may undergo fracture or failure. Therefore, -1 can be considered the lower limiting value for σ.
Upper Limit (0.5): When the stress approaches 0.5, it implies that the force applied to the material is compressing it significantly. This represents extreme compression or a compressive force. If the stress exceeds the material's ultimate compressive strength, the material may experience structural failure. Thus, 0.5 can be regarded as the upper limiting value for σ.
In summary, the limiting values of σ, -1 and 0.5, indicate the extreme conditions a material can withstand before failure. The lower limit (-1) corresponds to extreme tension, while the upper limit (0.5) represents significant compression. It is important to note that the specific limits may vary depending on the material and its properties, as different materials have different ultimate strengths and failure criteria.
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