Write Lenz's Law.
ANSWER : Lenz's Law is a fundamental principle in physics that describes the relationship between the direction of an induced electromotive force (EMF) and the change in magnetic field through a conducting loop or coil. It was formulated by the Russian physicist Heinrich Lenz in 1834.
According to Lenz's Law, the direction of the induced current in a conductor will always oppose the change in magnetic field that produces it. This law is based on the principle of conservation of energy. In other words, when a magnetic field through a conductor changes, the induced current will create its own magnetic field that opposes the original change.
Mathematically, Lenz's Law can be expressed using the following formula :
ε = -N \(\frac{{\Delta\phi}}{{dt}}\)
where :
- ε represents the induced electromotive force (EMF) in volts.
- N is the number of turns in the coil or loop.
- \(\frac{{\Delta\phi}}{{dt}}\) is the rate of change of magnetic flux through the coil or loop, measured in webers per second.
The negative sign in the formula indicates that the induced EMF always acts in a direction that opposes the change in magnetic flux.
In simple terms, Lenz's Law tells us that when a magnetic field changes, a current is induced in a conductor that tries to create a magnetic field in the opposite direction, counteracting the change. This principle has practical applications in devices like transformers, generators, and electric motors.
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