Define Relative Permittivity.

Relative Permittivity, also known as dielectric constant, is a property of a material that measures its ability to store electrical energy when subjected to an electric field. It is defined as the ratio of the electric field strength in a vacuum or air to the electric field strength in the material. It is denoted by K or \(\epsilon_r\).

A higher relative permittivity indicates a greater ability to store electrical energy. For example, water has a relative permittivity of approximately 80, which means it can store a significant amount of electrical energy. In contrast, air has a relative permittivity of nearly 1, indicating a minimal ability to store electrical energy.

\(\epsilon_r = \frac{{\text{Force between charges in air or vacuum}}}{{\text{Force between charges in material (medium)}}}\)

∴ \(\epsilon_r = \frac{\varepsilon}{\varepsilon_0}\)

Also Read : What is meant by Transient Current?

Also Read : Write Coulomb's Law in Vector Form.

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